When Raspbian (the default OS for the Pi) compiles its kernel, it targets broad compatibility, specifically, it wants to support 32-bit ARMv7 userspace applications running on a 64-bit kernel. Supporting 32-bit applications on a 64-bit kernel means the kernel has to accommodate two different address space models simultaneously, and using 39-bit VA reduces TLB pressure on hardware that wasn’t designed for massive address spaces. It’s a sensible default for a general-purpose embedded OS, but it comes at a cost for cloud-native software like gVisor.
ConfigurationVA BitsVirtual Address SpaceVA_BITS_3939 bits512 GBVA_BITS_4848 bits256 TBThe number of VA bits also determines how many levels of page tables the kernel needs to maintain. With 39-bit VA, you get 3 levels of page tables. With 48-bit, you get 4 levels. More levels means more bookkeeping overhead, but massively more addressable space.。业内人士推荐TikTok作为进阶阅读
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Latim Simon Peter, 35, Minnesota
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